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Scientists Discover Way to Send Information into Black Holes Without Using Energy

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Can Wormholes Survive the Death and Rebirth of the Universe?

For decades, scientists have imagined wormholes as mysterious tunnels through spacetime—shortcuts that could connect distant parts of the universe or even different cosmic eras. But one big question has remained: could such exotic structures actually survive extreme events in the universe’s history, like a cosmic “bounce”?

A recent study by Carlos Pérez and his team offers a fascinating answer. Their research suggests that under certain conditions, wormholes might not only exist—but could persist through one of the most dramatic transformations the universe can undergo.

From Big Bang to Big Bounce: Rethinking the Universe

The most widely accepted model of our universe is the Lambda-CDM model, which describes a universe that began with the Big Bang and has been expanding ever since. This model successfully explains observations like the Cosmic Microwave Background and the distribution of galaxies.

However, it has some serious limitations. It cannot fully explain:

  • Why the universe appears so flat

  • Why distant regions look so similar (the “horizon problem”)

  • What happened at the very beginning, where physics breaks down into a singularity

To address these issues, scientists have explored alternatives like cosmic inflation, a rapid expansion shortly after the Big Bang. While inflation solves several problems, it raises new ones—such as what caused it and why it started.

This is where another idea enters: bouncing cosmology.

What Is a Cosmic Bounce?

In a bouncing cosmology, the universe doesn’t begin with a singularity. Instead, it goes through a cycle:

  • A phase of contraction

  • A minimum size (the “bounce”)

  • Then expansion

This model avoids the infinite densities of the Big Bang and may naturally explain some of the universe’s observed properties.

But here’s the twist: if the universe once contracted, what happened to structures formed during that phase? Were they destroyed—or could some survive?

Wormholes: Bridges Through Spacetime

A wormhole is a hypothetical structure that connects two separate regions of spacetime. At its core lies a “throat”—a passage that allows matter or information to travel through.

To remain open, wormholes require something unusual: exotic matter, which violates known energy conditions in physics.

While there is no direct evidence for wormholes, they are valid solutions in general relativity and have been widely studied.

Can Wormholes Survive a Cosmic Bounce?

This is exactly what Pérez and his team set out to investigate.

They studied the only two known solutions of wormholes embedded in an expanding universe:

  • The Kim solution

  • The Pérez–Raia Neto solution

Their findings are striking:

👉 Both types of wormholes can exist before, during, and after the cosmic bounce.
👉 This means wormholes could survive the transition from a collapsing universe to an expanding one.
👉 There is no change in the topology of spacetime—so the “shape” of the universe remains consistent.

However, there’s an important condition:

  • In the Kim model, only wormholes below a certain size (related to about 22 times the mass of the Sun) can survive.

  • In the Pérez–Raia Neto model, wormholes survive without such restrictions.

Why This Result Is So Important

This survival is not obvious. During a cosmic bounce, extreme conditions could destroy most structures. Yet, wormholes appear to remain stable in these models—even though they rely on unusual physics like energy condition violations.

This opens up a bold possibility:
👉 Wormholes could act as cosmic relics, carrying information or matter from a pre-bounce universe into our current one.

Possible Effects in the Real Universe

If wormholes do survive a bounce, they could leave observable signatures:

1. Jets and Early Structure Formation

Gas falling into a wormhole could produce powerful jets. These jets might:

  • Help ionize the early universe

  • Influence the formation of the first stars and galaxies

2. Cosmic “Winds” Before Stars Exist

In some scenarios, wormholes could behave like natural accelerators—similar to a Laval nozzle—creating extremely hot, fast winds. These winds might shape the early universe even before stars formed.

3. Gravitational Wave Signals

Wormholes could act as channels for gravitational waves, potentially leaving detectable imprints in the cosmic gravitational wave background.

Limits and Future Research

Despite these exciting results, scientists urge caution:

  • Only two specific wormhole models were studied

  • Not all wormholes may survive a bounce

  • Each case must be analyzed individually

Future research will explore other models, such as evolving wormholes in different cosmological settings, to see if this survival is a general feature—or a rare exception.

A Glimpse Into a Deeper Universe

This study challenges our understanding of cosmic history. If wormholes can persist through a cosmic bounce, they might serve as bridges—not just across space, but across time itself.

Instead of a universe that forgets its past at the Big Bang, we may be looking at one that quietly carries pieces of its previous life forward.

And if that’s true, the universe might be far more connected—and far more mysterious—than we ever imagined.

Reference: Daniela Pérez, Gustavo E. Romero, Santiago E. Perez Bergliaffa, "Does a wormhole survive a cosmological bounce?", Arxiv, 2026. https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00134


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